CANCER TREATMENT IN CHEMICAL
HAZARDS
-
By
Sachin Hembram
-
Batch(2k19),
Deptt. of Chemical Engg.
- BIT Sindri, Dhanbad
In the modern era of science in world, Cancer is still a
potentially deadly disease. It takes second place in terms of death worldwide.
It is due to lack of awareness and knowledge about this disease and social
practices and too late of treatments of Cancer that caused 70 percent of
its occurrence. The lifestyle is now recognized as a main determinant of cancer
risk. Public Education is an important component of Cancer control program
and has shown to be effective in leading to life style changes.
ABOUT
THIS DISEASE
Cancer is uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in the body, and have
gained the ability to divide indefinitely. The signs and symptoms will depend
on where the Cancer is, how big it is and how much it affects the organs or
tissues. There are over more than 100 types of cancer. Anything that may cause
a normal body cell to develop abnormally potentially can cause cancer. They
form a subset of neoplasms. A neoplasms or tumor is a group of cells that have
undergone unregulated growth and will often form a mass or lump, but may be
distributed diffusely.
All tumor cells show the six hallmarks of cancer.
These characteristics are required to produce a malignant tumor. These
include
·
Cell growth and division absent the proper signals
·
Continues growth and division even given contrary
signals
·
Avoidance of programmed cell death
·
Limitless number of cell division
·
Promoting blood vessel construction
·
Invasion of tissue and formation of metastases
The progression from normal cells to cells that can form a detectable mass
to outright cancer involves multiple steps known as malignant
progression.
TREATMENT
The Chemotherapy
is a chemical method for treating cancer tumors. Cocktails of adapted
chemicals are ejected into patient to treat the tumor and its metastases in a
targeted manner. As they are injected to
react with cancerous cells, injected solution contains chemicals which may also
have an impact on healthy cells. Handling Chemotherapy solutions or endure
Chemotherapy induce a risk of exposure to those chemicals and to harmful
consequences on health. Patient and Health professionals can be at risk. Accidental
contamination with cytostatic drugs comes mainly from cutaneous exposure or
from or exposure by inhalation or ingestion.
Cytotoxic substances are used in hospitals for chemical treatment of
Cancers.
Under the appellation “Cytostatic substance”, gathered a wide number
of chemicals used in Chemotherapy. They all have a common property: they
inhibit cell proliferation.
It is the property which makes them useful in Chemotherapies against
various Cancers.
Due to their large number and great variety, cytostatic molecules can
present various chemical properties (electrophilic sites, acidic or basic functionalities,
alcohol or amine function.) and are cytotoxic. A cytostatic substance can thus be
irritant or corrosive.
PROTECTIVE
MEASURES TO BE TAKEN
Protection of health professionals starts with designing work environments
and protocols that are adapted to cytostatic agents’ manipulation. Handling of
such Chemicals in dedicated laboratories inside the hospital equipped with
fume hoods or glove boxes is recommended. Centralized preparation of Chemotherapies
in such laboratories prevent dispersion of cytostatic chemicals through the
hospital.
SELF PRECAUTION TO AVOID CANCER
Cancer can be tackled or minimize its chances of happening by taking some Careful measures or by keeping awareness like and more.
1. By Avoiding Tobacco.
The
use of tobacco products has been linked to many types of cancer including lung,
colorectal, breast, throat, cervical, bladder, mouth and esophageal. Its never
late to quit. Almost 90 percent of lung cancer is related to smoking.
2. Healthy diet.
By
eating lots of fruits, vegetables, beans and whole grains. Avoid obesity -By
eating lighter food and if taking alcohol then only in moderation.
3. Physically Active.
Maintaining
a healthy weight might lower the risk of various types of cancer including
cancer of the breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer.
4. Getting Vaccination.
Cancer
Prevention includes protection from certain viral infections.
5. By Getting Regular Medical Care.
Regular self-examination
and screening for various types of cancers such as skin, colon, cervix
and breast can increase the chances of discovering the Cancer early when
treatment is more likely to successful.
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